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''Leccinum holopus'', commonly known as the white birch bolete, white bog bolete, or ghost bolete, is a species of bolete fungus in the family Boletaceae found in northern Asia, Europe, and northeastern North America. It associates with birch trees and is typically found in boggy or swampy areas, often growing among sphagnum moss. Fruitbodies (mushrooms) of ''L. holopus'' have convex caps measuring up to in diameter. Often pure white—especially in young fruitbodies—the caps sometimes become flushed with buff or brownish tints. The whitish surface of the stipe is covered with small, stiff, projecting scales (scabers) that become tan or darker in age. Some varieties of ''Leccinum holopus'' have been described that vary in cap color or staining reaction, but DNA evidence suggests that most are the same taxon. Although the fruitbodies are edible, opinions vary as to their culinary desirability. ==Taxonomy== Initially named as a species of ''Boletus'' by German mycologist Friedrich Rostkovius in 1844,〔 the fungus was later transferred to ''Leccinum'' by Roy Watling in 1960.〔 Synonyms resulting from transfer to different genera include: ''Krombholzia holopoda'' and ''K. holopus'' (both published by Albert Pilát in 1951);〔 ''Krombholziella holopus'' (Josef Šutara, 1989);〔 ''Trachypus holopus'' (Paul Konrad and André Maublanc, 1952),〔 and ''Trachypus scaber'' f. ''holopus'' (Henri Romagnesi, 1939).〔 Other synonyms, according to Index Fungorum,〔 include ''Leccinum olivaceosum'', described from France in 1994,〔 and ''Leccinum aerugineum'' (1991).〔 ''Leccinum holopus'' is classified in section ''Scabra'' of genus ''Leccinum'', a grouping that includes Northern Hemisphere species associating exclusively with birch.〔 The specific epithet ''holopus'' is Greek for "with perfect stalk".〔 Common names given to the fungus include white birch bolete, white bog bolete,〔 and ghost bolete.〔 Several subtaxa of ''Leccinum holopus'' have been described. In form ''aerugineum'', described by Josef Šutara in 2009, the flesh discolors green after injury.〔 The variety ''americanum'', described by Alexander H. Smith and Harry Delbert Thiers in 1971 from collections made in Michigan, injured flesh stains reddish.〔 Lannoy & Estadès described ''Leccinum nucatum'' in 1993,〔 a taxon that was later (2007) published as variety ''nucatum'' of ''L. holopus'';〔 no molecular evidence was found supporting the existence of this as a distinct taxon,〔 and it is therefore placed into synonymy with ''L. holopus''.〔 ''Leccinum holopus'' var. ''majus'', described by Rolf Singer in 1966 (originally published by Singer as ''Krombholzia scabra'' f. ''majus''),〔 is another historical variety without independent taxonomic significance.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Leccinum holopus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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